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The important finding is

After adjustment for caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee intake amounts, sleep hours, and other confounders, the morning-type pattern, rather than the all-day-type pattern, was significantly associated with lower risks of all-cause (hazard ratio: .84; 95% confidential interval: .74–.95) and cardiovascular disease-specific (hazard ratio: .69; 95% confidential interval: .55–.87) mortality as compared with non-coffee drinking.

So people who drank coffee ONLY in the morning had significant advantages compared to the non-coffee drinking population. All-day drinkers did not have significant advantages.

I get a strong feeling it's more about the situation than the coffee. If I spent 30 minutes every morning chillin' out drinking coffee I'd probably be a more relaxed person in general throughout the day. For context my usual morning routine is to wake up 5 minutes before I leave, brush my teeth, put on some pants, and head out the door. It's a disaster every morning but my body physically cannot get up earlier than that. If I go to bed earlier I just sleep more and wake up at the same time anyway.

Dawn coffee: +16 resistance to all ailments

Further research is needed? I'm sure the coffee industry will fund that. 🙃