Well, isn’t visa and Mastercard part owned but the banks? Perhaps a similar system is the only way to make it work. It seems odd that with a unified market for services, payment processing needs to be a bank registered in each country. I assume that is why it’s an issue. It should be possible for any processing within the euro zone to be instant between countries and not need a seperate licence for each. Revolut already does quick easy transfers even between non euro countries. I wonder if a bank like that could do it? I think as a bank they are on,y registered in one country, so maybe I’m wrong on the need to register everywhere.