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Am I reading this block diagram right?
(lemmy.nz)
For questions about component-level electronic circuits, tools and equipment.
1: Be nice.
2: Be on-topic (eg: Electronic, not electrical).
3: No commercial stuff, buying, selling or valuations.
4: Be safe.
Master degree in EE here. It will almost certainly be fine to swap those batteries like that, I would be more cautious if it was some cheap Temu device but for a vintage Yamaha you'll be fine.
One thing I will caution you about though, the synth almost certainly lacks under-voltage protection and could drain your 18650s below their minimum voltage. Make sure your cells have built-in protection or add some of your own.