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Mushrooms cut dementia risk by ~75%, eliminating benefit of vegetables.
(pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
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I’m not sure from skimming the page—did they explicitly give different groups different diets, or did they just measure their ergothioneine levels and conclude that they must have eaten more mushrooms?
Could it just be that dementia-prone people have differences in their metabolisms that cause them to process ergothioneine differently?
"...in an older Japanese population"
Edit: that is to say, they probably just surveyed instead of giving anyone any particular diet.