This idea goes all the way back to ancient Greece, where the Methodic school of medicine argued that illnesses could be treated by selecting treatments automatically based on a checklist of symptoms:

The Methodic school takes it to be that once a doctor has recognized the disease a patient has for what it is, the treatment that should follow is inherently obvious. It is not a matter of inference or observation, but of an immediate knowledge.

But the mainstream consensus has always been that each disease can manifest differently in each individual, and physicians need to rely on intuition derived from experience with previous diseases to diagnose each new case. And removing the physician from the loop—even in cases where final prescription would be the same—reduces the physician's ability to make observations of the patient and the disease that could help inform them if there are future developments.