Spain held fast to the practice even as experts debated whether it was a drag on the economy, producing a work force that was more tired and less productive than it could be.

Spain, your culture is getting in the way of wealth consolidation. Get rid of it. /s

Not great for keto I guess.

Not gonna deal with the paywall but I expect 10pm dinner is a consequence of the late afternoon siesta which is necessary because in Spain it's traditionally (before air conditioning and indoor work) been too hot to work at that time of day. As global heating makes it even hotter maybe even more activity will move to nighttime, and then that will also get too hot.