Nice notes!
Since you went through the history of Cetacean Ops, it's worth remembering it was referenced more noticeably albeit less overtly in "The Perfect Mate" when La Forge says "Listen, have you had a chance to see the dolphins yet?"
This may just be a coincidence, but the room with the divided gravity reminded me of the "sweet spot" that Mayweather enjoyed, but since there's no point where the gravity seems to cut entirely, this may not be an intended allusion. Though they do mention having a problem with the gravity plating, which was mentioned in many episodes of ENT starting with "Unexpected". (Also a few times on Voyager.)
The tops of the kiosks in the shopping area are shaped like TNG-era comm badges.
"dress Sciences uniform from TNG"
Just to add to this, this is the uniform type primarily seen in seasons 1-2 with the extra line across the top.
"a Command top from DIS Season 2"
Nothing to add on this one; just wanted to say good catch noting the collar on that one! I had to look a few times before I realized which one you meant.
"a torn Monster Maroon from the movie era"
Also an excursion jacket from that era (on the left side).
The grav plate manual is on one of a set of cylindrical record tapes. I feel like these probably appeared in TOS at some point, though I'm not positive. In any case, they definitely exist in real life; cylindrical magnetic tapes were used for decades, and probably still are in some cases. https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/1980s-computer-tapes.html
A sign (about 17 minutes in) mentions "astro-medicine ward 4". A sign with the same text is visible outside of sickbay in TOS, as well as in early promotional photos of Paul Fix as Dr. Piper and Sally Kellerman as Dr. Elizabeth Dehner. You can also see a re-creation at the Star Trek Set Tour in Ticonderoga, NY.
https://tos.trekcore.com/gallery/albums/photography/cast-photos/guest-stars/paulfix_drpiper02.jpg https://tos.trekcore.com/gallery/albums/photography/cast-photos/guest-stars/kellerman_tospb.jpg
There's a sign that says "Trav..." and is cut off (also 17 minutes in). It's probably regarding "Travelers" or something and not an allusion to Travis Mayweather. Probably.
When Chad whips out the corn dogs at the end, the gesture and sound effect (snikt) resemble Wolverine from the X-Men expanding his claws.
I guess I could add a similar note to this for every episode this year with a Stardate, but the launch date of the Protostar is Stardate 59749.1, placing this episode just under 100 days before that ship launches under Captain Chakotay.
The Star Trek: New Frontier novel series previously featured Mark McHenry, a Starfleet officer who was a descendant of Apollo and had powers as a result.