I understand that trail running "feels" different in terms of atmosphere and culture but I don't think the things you list make a practical difference for the purposes of this comparison.

I'd also argue that the goals of the runners aren't that different. There are two types of goals in both kinds of running: to finish and enjoy the journey, or to push yourself and see how hard you can do against an outside standard, whether that's other competitors or the clock. Sure, the proportion of who is chasing which category of goal is different between trail and road running, but I don't buy into the idea that the motivations in general are different.