It can be a bit of both. Can't speak to the UK but in Japan you're constantly asked to become a prepper because we don't need no stinking strait of Hormuz to threaten us, the earth we live on is doing that all by itself.

Japan is in a bit of a pickle because it relies on the US for defense to quite a high degree. Nobody here thinks the orange's adventure in Persia is a good idea. But since he reacts like a toddler nobody really dares speak out in public. So the only thing the government can do is ask companies to find ways around the closed off strait. And then the PHP thing happened. And a big data breach. Our ongoing cost of living crisis is amplified by a weak currency. The crises are piling up over here as well. Naturally, the government issues guidance. They can't do much else.

There have been weird developments in IT thanks to so-called AI. Along with a limited number of advantages at current, it presents a major threat. It provides a Google translate tool for normal speak to code with a reliability of Google translate from 15 years ago. The North Koreans who hacked Sony had to know what they're doing. We're now in a place where you can just ask your tailored LLM agent to hack a company and you don't have to know how to do that. The agent will come up with ways nobody thought of. Offence in IT tends to be faster than defence. So the heightened threat level is not a farce. The impotent government response can be though.