7 Wonders Duel is specifically a 2-player version of 7 Wonders, and it's very well done. Familiar enough to anyone who has played the original while being entirely unique mechanically. I really enjoy it.
Also, you mentioned it, but the Asia expansion for Wingspan is great as a standalone 2-player game.
A few more that often hit the table with just the two of us:
- Azul (any of them)
- Sagrada
- Parks
- Cottage Garden
- Patchwork (specifically for 2 players)